Osteoporosis can be difficult to detect. For instance, a routine X-ray of bone cannot detect osteoporosis until loss of bone mass exceeds up to 30%. However, there is a test – called a Bone Mineral Density test (BMD) – that provides a measurement of "bone density", providing information doctors need to determine the condition of our bones. It is a safe, fast, painless and non-invasive way to measure accurately the density of bones and provide a baseline reading of our "bone mass" (the calcium-rich material that makes bones strong).

Doctors can use the test results to compare your bone mineral density against the average BMD of young normal adults at their peak BMD. Test results help doctors prescribe appropriate treatment and monitor progress of treatment.

What should I expect?

There are several types of BMD tests. The fastest and most accurate test is the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA or DEXA). During the test, you lie on a table and an X-ray machine takes a picture of your skeleton. The test uses very low amounts of radiation (less than a standard chest X-ray) and takes no more than five to 20 minutes. You don't need to undress. The test requires no special preparation, medication or injection. If you have the test, it is best to wear comfortable clothing, preferably without metal buttons, buckles or zippers. Ask your doctor if a bone mineral density test is right for you.*